Amauropelta pteroidea
The leaves of Thelypteris pteroidea are elongate and scandent upon nearby vegetation. The retrorse pinnules presumably act as hooks.

The leaves of Thelypteris pteroidea are elongate and scandent upon nearby vegetation. The retrorse pinnules presumably act as hooks.
Pleopeltis pleopeltidis is endemic to Brazil (BA, MG, RJ, SP, PR, SC, RS). Note the white dots on the adaxial surface of the leaf. Those are cretaceous hydathodes, and may help to identify this species. Also interesting is the presence of leaf nectaries (here covered...
Nice “mushroom-shaped” vascular bundle! 🙂
Pteris deflexa also occurs in eastern Brazil, and it amazes me to see how similar it is (with the awns and everything). I often find ants nesting in the hollow petiole bases of this species.
Yes, the type is from Brazil. I was used Rosenstock exsiccatae from southern Brazil that are at VT to identify this Colombian collection. Cool to know about the ants!